The nurse is caring for a patient with early-onset dementia. What statement made by the nurse best assesses the patient's abstraction capacity?
1. "Please tell me the name of our president."
2. "Please spell the word 'world' forward and backward."
3. "Please tell me your name, the date, and where you are right now."
4. "Please tell me what the meaning is of the statement, 'A picture paints a thousand words.'"
Answer: 4
Explanation: Assessing the patient's abstraction capacity utilizes the psychological domain. The best way for the nurse to assess the patient's abstraction capacity is to ask the patient to state the meaning of a popular proverb. The nurse will then assess the way the patient interprets the proverb (literal, concrete, abstract, incoherent). Asking the patient to spell the word 'world' forward or backward assesses the patient's attention and concentration. Asking the patient to state the president's name assesses the patient's general fund of information. Asking the patient to state his or her name, the date, and the patient's location assesses the patient's orientation.
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