Research on the role of heredity in temperament indicates that
A) heritability estimates derived from twin studies suggest a major role for genetic factors in temperament and personality.
B) identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins across a wide range of temperamental traits and personality measures.
C) only 5 to 10 percent of individual differences in temperament have been attributed to differences in genetic makeup.
D) heritability estimates are much higher for expressions of positive emotion than for negative emotion.
Answer: B
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Which scenario illustrates the psychodynamic theory of gender-typed behavior?
A. Four-year-old Sean states to his father, "Someday I will be a dad, but I will never be a mom and have babies." B. Four-year-old Sharon exclaims to her mother, "Mommy, look! I baked a cake, just like you do!" C. Three-year-old Dan feels proud of himself as he flexes his biceps and says to himself, "Look at my big muscles!" D. Three year old Nila shouts at her father, "Go away daddy; I want mommy!"
Which of the following is a correct pairing of an historical figure and his/her primary contribution to psychological treatment?
a. Anna Freud/group therapy b. Alfred Adler/play therapy c. Anna Freud/play therapy d. Alfred Adler/group therapy
Elkind—not Piaget—has described adolescents' belief that they are unique and invulnerable as
a. playing to an imaginary audience. c. a persona fable. b. development of an adult identity. d. an intellectual awakening.
Paradoxical sleep is another name for:
a. NREM sleep b. daydreaming c. REM sleep d. narcolepsy