Are members of Congress in a stronger position to influence PACs, or are PACs able to influence members of Congress? Explain the underlying logic of your answer.
What will be an ideal response?
Varies (see Discussion)
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Economic development is not conducive to democracy
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Researchers have induced mild, short-lived mood reduction in participants by having them read negative statements. The effect is to produce behaviors that are similar in some ways to those of depressed people
As such, we can conclude that measurements based on this technique show a. an acceptable level of construct validity. b. low measurement error. c. a high level of internal validity. d. good interrater reliability
The Hatch Act of 1939 (Political Activities Act) is best known for
A) restricting the political activities of civil servants. B) limiting political groups to spending no more than $1 million in any campaign. C) limiting individual contributions to a political group to $1,000. D) restricting the amount of money spent on primary and general elections for congressional candidates. E) requiring disclosure of election expenses by candidates.
Which of the following conditions are included in the set of fairness conditions that Arrow thought any minimallyfair decision-making procedure should satisfy?
A. No single individual should fully determine the outcome regardless of the preferences of other group members. B. The choice made by the group should not be affected by the rankings of irrelevant alternatives. C. If everyone in the group prefers one alternative over another, the group choice should reflect these preferences. D. Individuals’ personal judgments are not restricted. E. All of these are part of Arrow’s criteria. F. Only (A) and (B) are mentioned by Arrow.