A nurse is teaching parents about diarrhea. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. Diarrhea results from a fluid deficit in the small intestine.
b. Organisms destroy intestinal mucosal cells, resulting in an increased intestinal
surface area.
c. Malabsorption results in metabolic alkalosis.
d. Increased motility results in impaired absorption of fluid and nutrients.
D
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A Diarrhea results from fluid excess in the small intestine.
B Destroyed intestinal mucosal cells result in decreased intestinal surface area.
C Loss of electrolytes in the stool from diarrhea results in metabolic acidosis.
D Increased motility and rapid emptying of the intestines result in impaired
absorption of nutrients and water. Electrolytes are drawn from the extracellular
space into stool, and dehydration results.
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During the assessment of an 80-year-old patient, the nurse notices that his hands show tremors when he reaches for something and his head is always nodding. No associated rigidity is observed with movement. Which of these statements is most accurate?
a. These findings are normal, resulting from aging. b. These findings could be related to hyperthyroidism. c. These findings are the result of Parkinson disease. d. This patient should be evaluated for a cerebellar lesion.
For which complication of diabetes mellitus would the nurse use a monofilament test to determine a patient's risk?
1. Retinopathy 2. Ulcer of the foot 3. Diabetic ketoacidosis 4. Arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities
Which statement should a counselor make when telling a couple about the prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders?
a. Diagnosis can be obtained promptly through most hospital laboratories. b. Common disorders can quickly be diagnosed through blood tests. c. A comprehensive evaluation will result in an accurate diagnosis. d. Diagnosis may be slow and could be inconclusive.
Contraction of which eye structure controls the amount of light that reaches the retina?
a. Retina b. Iris c. Sclera d. Lens