When a researcher makes a Type II error (concludes that no relationship between the independent and dependent variable exists when in fact it does), this could occur because of which of the following? Select all that apply
A) An anomalous sample
B) Unreliable data collection instruments
C) Problems with adequately implementing the intervention
D) A large sample size
A, B, C
Feedback:
Retention of a false null hypothesis (a Type II error) can result from a variety of methodologic problems, such as poor internal validity, an anomalous sample, a weak statistical procedure, or unreliable measures. In particular, failure to reject null hypotheses is often a consequence of insufficient power, usually reflecting too small a sample size.
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