What is a function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in newborns?
a. Generates heat for distribution to other parts of body
b. Provides ready source of calories in the newborn period
c. Protects newborns from injury during the birth process
d. Insulates the body against lowered environmental temperature
ANS: A
Brown fat is a unique source of heat for newborns. It has a larger content of mitochondrial cytochromes and a greater capacity for heat production through intensified metabolic activity than does ordinary adipose tissue. Heat generated in brown fat is distributed to other parts of the body by the blood. It is effective only in heat production. Brown fat is located in superficial areas such as between the scapulae, around the neck, in the axillae, and behind the sternum. These areas should not protect the newborn from injury during the birth process. The newborn has a thin layer of subcutaneous fat, which does not provide for conservation of heat.
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