If total internal reflection occurs at a glass-air surface:
a. no light is transmitted.
b. no light is reflected.
c. light is leaving the air and hitting the glass with an incident angle greater than the critical angle.
d. light is leaving the air and hitting the glass with an incident angle less than the critical angle.
a
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false
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a. Aphelion b. Perihelion c. Precession d. The winter solstice e. a and d
Calculate the maximum safe heat flux in the nucleate-boiling regime for water flowing at a velocity of 15 m/s through a 1.2-cm-ID tube 0.31-m-long if the water enters at 100 kPa pressure and 100°C saturated liquid.
GIVEN
? Nucleate boiling of water flowing through a tube
? Water velocity (V) = 15 m/s
? Tube inside diameter (D) = 1.2 cm = 0.012 m
? Tube length (L) = 0.31 m
? Water pressure (p) = 1 atm
? Water temperature (Tw) = 100°C
FIND
? The maximum safe heat flux in the nucleate boiling regime (q?max)
ASSUMPTIONS
? Steady state
SKETCH
PROPERTIES AND CONSTANTS
From Appendix 2, Table 13, for water at 100°C, 1 atm
From Appendix 2, Table 35, for steam at 100°C: ?v = 0.5977 kg/m3
From Table 9.2: Surface tension at 100°C (s) = 0.0589 N/m
From Table 9.1: For water on copper, Csf = 0.0130