Briefly describe the following types of genes: tumor-suppressor gene, proto-oncogene, and oncogene
What will be an ideal response?
Tumor-suppressor genes normally function to inactivate or repress cell division. Proto-oncogenes normally function to promote cell division, whereas oncogenes are mutant forms of proto-oncogenes.
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A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine. The consequence of this for the cell will be that _____
A) none of the proteins in the cell will contain phenylalanine B) proteins in the cell will include lysine instead of phenylalanine at amino acid positions specified by the codon UUU C) the cell will compensate for the defect by attaching phenylalanine to tRNAs with lysine-specifying anticodons D) the ribosome will skip a codon every time a UUU is encountered
Which of the following statements is false regarding why some scientists believe that the term "prokaryote" is a somewhat artificial designation?
A. Many bacteria have cytoskeletal elements B. Some bacteria have internal membranous structures C. Some bacteria have their genetic material enclosed within a membrane D. Some bacteria have 80S ribosomes
Hardy-Weinberg pointed out that the original proportions of the genotypes in a population would remain constant from generation to generation if certain assumptions are met. Which one of the following is not a Hardy-Weinberg condition?
A. No gene flow occurs. B. Random mating occurs. C. No polymorphic loci exist in the population. D. No selection occurs. E. The population is very large.
Balanced polymorphism is a type of
a. disruptive selection. b. sexual selection. c. directional selection. d. stabilizing selection. e. any of these