The nurse is caring for a healthy patient who has a serum glucose level of 60 mg/dL
The nurse anticipates that which counterregulatory serum hormonal changes are likely to occur in this patient? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. Increased epinephrine levels
2. Increased growth hormone levels
3. Increased insulin levels
4. Decreased glucagon levels
5. Decreased cortisol levels
1,2
Rationale 1: Epinephrine is associated with glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis.
Rationale 2: Growth hormone causes lipolysis and provides precursors for gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis.
Rationale 3: Insulin is not a counterregulatory hormone. It functions to decrease serum glucose.
Rationale 4: The primary functions of glucagon include hepatic gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and ketogenesis. Levels of glucagon increase with decreased serum glucose.
Rationale 5: Cortisol causes protein catabolism and lipolysis. Cortisol levels increase when serum glucose levels drop.
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