The nurse knows that when patients are experiencing stress, the following change can be seen in their signs and symptoms: (Select all that apply.)
a. Increase in heart rate
b. Increase in gastric motility
c. Pupil dilation
d. Decrease in blood pressure
e. Increase in respiratory rate
ANS: A, C, E
The physiologic response to stress, whether physical or psychological, is activation of the autonomic nervous system, resulting in an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and respirations along with pupil dilation and a decrease in gastric motility and blood flow to the skin.
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