What process(es) is(are) used by the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule to return substances to the blood?
A. Water movement by osmosis
B. Movement of sodium, glucose, and other nutrients by transporters
C. Passive transport of chloride ions
D. All apply.
Answer: D
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How does the nervous system contribute to homeostasis in individuals suffering from osteoporosis?
A. The sense of pain following injury helps prevent further injury. B. Address inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet. C. Stimulate exercise to reduce muscle stress on bone. D. Reduce calcitonin secretion. E. Inhibit blood clotting to halt the repair process.
In order to cause vasodilation of most vascular smooth muscle,
A) acetylcholine combines with muscarinic receptors. B) norepinephrine combines with alpha receptors. C) norepinephrine combines with ? 1 receptors. D) acetylcholine combines with nicotinic receptors. E) sympathetic stimulation is removed.
When blood supply to the kidneys decreases, they release ________, which leads to secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.
A. vitamin D B. renin C. erythropoietin D. creatinine
Which of the following is NOT a function of the heart?
A. Providing a location for gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide B. Routing blood to either the pulmonary circulation or the systemic circulation C. Generating blood pressure through contraction D. Regulating blood supply to tissues depending on need