The client smokes three packs of cigarettes per day. The nurse should teach this client about his or her increased risk for which chronic health problem as a result of tobacco abuse?
A. Chronic pancreatitis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Cardiovascular disease
D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C
Tobacco use results in chronic nicotine ingestion, which causes vasoconstriction and increased peripheral vascular resistance. This increased resistance causes hypertension and increases the workload of the heart. The narrowed blood vessels decrease oxygen flow to vital organs, in-creasing the risk for ischemic events.
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When assessing the home for fall risks and increased safety for an 85-year-old, the home health nurse suggests that:
a. bright lights be kept on at all times. b. sponge baths be taken rather than showers. c. excess furniture be removed. d. loose, comfortable shoes be worn.
The client who has undergone coronary artery bypass surgery graft (CABG) has a serum potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L. What would be the nurse's best action?
A. Notify the physician. B. Document the finding as the only action. C. Decrease the IV solution flow rate. D. Administer potassium replacement as ordered.
Lifestyle changes that may help prevent development of osteoporosis include
a. reducing intake of animal protein. b. eating a piece of fruit with lunch every day. c. taking a daily multivitamin supplement. d. taking a 30 minute walk most days.
In the results section of the research report, data that is aggregated means that:
A) the data is reported for the entire sample B) the data is raw data C) the data represents diversity in the sample D) the data is reported for each individual