Early colonial sheriffs responded to citizen complaints, rather than actively engaging in efforts to deter crime. What term describes their approach to policing?

A. retrospective
B. proactive
C. reactive
D. vigilantism


C. reactive

Criminal Justice

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Identify which of the mass incarceration characteristics below focuses on the discretion of judges to sentence defendants based on their individual characteristics?

A. drugs B. selective incarceration C. zero tolerance D. scale

Criminal Justice

Despite inadequate testing, H.R. Robins marketed a product that caused death, birth defects, miscarriages, and blindness in infants. The product was:

A. intrauterine birth control device. B. diaphragm. C. birth control pills. D. birth control patch.

Criminal Justice

When is crime generally higher?

a. Winter b. Spring c. Summer d. Fall

Criminal Justice

All minorities experience some level of tokenism. However, ______ experienced greater levels of tokenism than other minority officers.

a. Black males and Black females b. Black males and Hispanic males c. Black females and Hispanic females c. Black females and Hispanic males

Criminal Justice