According to the chapter Tokens Against Aggressionabout the use of a token economy in a psychiatric
hospital, the average distance that scores are away from the mean of all the scores is known as:
(a) an operant
(b) a ratio variable
(c) a distribution
(d) a standard deviation
D
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An automaker moved the location of the horn to a lever on the steering column for one of its car models, when they introduced air bags. It was later found that motorists were confused by the new location of the horn, and often flicked the wipers or turned on the lights, instead of sounding the horn. The company asked a psychologist to help solve this design problem. The psychologist the company
hired to help is most likely: a. a social psychologist b. a developmental psychologist c. an industrial/organizational psychologist d. a human factors psychologist
Beyond temperament, personality in children has been related to all of the following except
a. children's age and gender. b. IQ. c. parental characteristics. d. sociocultural factors, such as social status.
People living under stressful conditions tend to get sick more often than they would otherwise
How do researchers in psychoneuroimmunology explain this phenomenon? A) The stress response reduces immune system functioning, thus making us more vulnerable to diseases. B) The stress response in the long run leads to a lowering of the heart rate, which makes the heart inefficient. C) The stress response makes muscles stronger, which places a greater burden on the heart and respiratory systems. D) The body tends to adapt to the constant call for the stress response and, thus, future responses are not as strong as before.
In bottom-up processing, the perception of a particular visual scene is created from:
A. presented stimuli. B. universal cues. C. past experiences. D. vertical scans.