An operating room nurse prepares a patient with type 2 diabetes for surgery. Which type of insulin will the surgical nurse have available?
a. Regular insulin (Humulin R)
b. Isophane insulin suspension (NPH insulin)
c. Insulin zinc suspension (Lente insulin)
d. Insulin glargine (Lantus)
ANS: A
Regular insulin would be used, because its effects begin in 30 to 60 minutes, peak in 1 to 5 hours, and last up to 10 hours; this would be effective treatment for an NPO patient experiencing surgery. The onset of action for regular insulin is slower than with the rapid-acting insulins and faster than with the longer acting insulins.
The duration of action of NPH is too long for a patient undergoing surgery.
Lente insulin is not used in the United States.
Insulin glargine is used for glycemic control and has a 24-hour duration of action for people who are eating 3 meals so would not be effective for the NPO patient undergoing surgery.
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