A client is suspected of having an allergic reaction to certain laundry detergents. The nurse recognizes that the diagnostic test result that would best confirm a hypersensitivity reaction would be:
1. Patch test with a 1-inch area of erythema.
2. Eosinophils of 2% of the total WBC.
3. Indirect Coombs' showing no agglutination.
4. Rh antigen with negative results.
Patch test with a 1-inch area of erythema.
Rationale: A patch test assesses a 1-inch area impregnated with the allergen. Positive responses are graded from mild (erythema in the exposed area) to severe (papules, vesicles, or ulcerations) and reflect the presence of an allergic reaction to the allergen. The indirect Coombs' test detects the presence of circulating antibodies against RBCs. The eosinophil count is 1% to 4%, which is within normal range. Rh antigen results that are negative reflect the absence of the Rh factor in a client's blood.
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