In the case of Barron v. Baltimore (1833), a private citizen attempted to apply the U.S. Constitution’s Fifth Amendment as the basis for a state-level civil suit. The practical effect of this ruling against the private citizen
a. made the Bill of Rights virtually meaningless to the state governments.
b. turned public opinion sharply against the national government.
c. was a catalyst for commencement of the Civil War.
d. clearly established the subordination of state governments to the Bill of Rights.
e. established the right of states to control interstate commerce.
ANS: A
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