Explain the concept of stratification and how it applies to two modern nations.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Student examples will vary; a sample answer follows. The international system is stratified, with different levels of resources, wealth, and power possessed by different states. Realists tend to differentiate between great or major powers and other powers, with some also identifying middle powers. This stratification is important for realists for at least two reasons: (1) realists argue that states with different levels of power act distinctly due to their position in the anarchic system, with great powers having the greatest freedom of choice and action, as well as the most influence; and (2) realists argue that states seek to preserve or gain power—to move up this hierarchy—as a way of securing their interests and influence. And the central ingredient of these differing levels of power and state efforts to be powerful is military might. The United States would be a great power and have a huge amount of freedom and influence over other nations. The Philippines would be another power, not having near the military power of the United States, and being unable to influence other nations, while having to take actions to appease great powers like the United States and China.