The sunflower species Helianthus anomalus is thought to have been formed by hybridization between the sunflower species H. petiolaris and H. annuus because it contains a set of chromsomes from both parental species. H. anomalus is most likely an example of instantaneous speciation through
A. allopolyploidy.
B. autopolyploidy.
C. parthenogenesis.
D. hybrid sterility.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
· What type of thinking is required?
Gather Content
· What do you already know about speciation through polyploidy?
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
A. allopolyploidy.
Clarify Question
· What is the key concept addressed by the question?
o This question addresses speciation through polyploidy.
· What type of thinking is required?
o This question is asking you to take what you already know and apply it to this unfamiliar situation.
Gather Content
· What do you already know about speciation through polyploidy?
o Instantaneous sympatric speciation occurs when an individual is born that is reproductively isolated from all other members of its species. This often occurs in plants due to their tolerance of polyploidy.
o Polyploid individuals can arise in two ways. In autopolyploidy, all of the chromosomes may arise from a single species (“self” polyploidy). This might happen due to an error in cell division that causes a doubling of chromosomes.
o A more common type of polyploid speciation is allopolyploidy, which may happen when two species hybridize (“other” polyploidy).
o Such individuals can reproduce asexually. Or, if the chromosomes spontaneously double to form a tetraploid, pairing would no longer be a problem in meiosis. They would be able to interbreed, and a new species would have been created.
Choose Answer
· Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer?
o In this example, two different species contributed DNA to the new species, so it is an example of allopolyploidy.
Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?
o The question required you to take what you already know and apply it to this unfamiliar situation.
o Did you recognize that when two species hybridize and create a polyploid offspring, this is an example of instantaneous speciation by allopolyploidy?
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