What is the general effect of immobilization on connective tissues? What are the implications for these changes?
What will be an ideal response?
ANS:
The responses can be numerous. Because the collagen fibers in tendons, ligaments, and capsules orient themselves according to the tensile stresses imposed, reduction in these stresses will result in a random arrangement of fibers which, once stresses are reimposed, cannot resist heretofore normal magnitudes of load. There is also a loss of proteoglycans (therefore water). Both the water loss and the random arrangement of fibers result in a tissue that is stiffer and will move more rapidly to failure, especially at points of insertion. Cartilage, which is dependent upon compression and release for nutrition, will gradually deteriorate. Because the trabeculae in cancellous bone respond to imposed stresses, reduction of stresses will result in thinning of trabeculae and reduced strength of the bone (more readily fracturing under smaller loads).
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