Define and summarize the conditions of the value-added theory

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

The value-added theory developed by sociologist Neil Smelser is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement. He called his theory the "value-added" approach based on the concept that each step in the production process adds something to the finished product. Similarly, Smelser asserted, six conditions are necessary and sufficient to produce social movements when they combine or interact in a particular situation.

1 . Structural conduciveness—people must become aware of a significant problem and have the opportunity to engage in collective action. Movements are more likely to occur when a person, class, or agency can be singled out as the source of the problem.

2 . Structural strain—occurs when a society or community is unable to meet people's expectations that something should be done about a problem. The ensuing tension and conflict contribute to the development of a social movement based on people's belief that the problem would not exist if authorities had done what they were supposed to do.

3 . Spread of a generalized belief—for a movement to develop, there must be a clear statement of the problem and a shared view of its cause, effects, and possible solution.

4 . Precipitating factors—to reinforce the existing generalized belief, an inciting incident or dramatic event must occur.

5 . Mobilization for action—at this stage, leaders emerge to organize others and give them a sense of direction.

6 . Social control factors—if there is a high level of social control on the part of law enforcement officials, political leaders, and others, it becomes more difficult to develop a social movement or engage in certain types of collective action.