Which of the following descriptions of the four stages of labor is correct for both definition and duration?
1. First stage: onset of regular uterine contractions to full dilation; less than 1 hour to 20 hours
2. Second stage: full effacement to 4 to 5 cm visible presenting part; 1 to 2 hours
3. Third state: active pushing to birth: 20 minutes (multiparous women) 50 minutes (first timer)
4. Fourth stage: delivery of the placenta to recovery: 30 minutes to 1 hour
1
1. Correct. Full dilation may occur in less than 1 hour, but in first-time pregnancies it can take up to 20 hours.
2. Incorrect. Second stage is from full dilation to birth and takes an average of 20 to 50 mi-nutes, although 2 hours is still considered normal.
3. Incorrect. Third stage is from birth to expulsion of the placenta and usually takes a few minutes.
4. Incorrect. Fourth stage begins after expulsion of the placenta and lasts until homeostasis is reestablished (about 2 hours).
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