Reserved powers in a federal system refer to
a. issues left to the central government alone about which lower levels of government have no direct say.
b. powers given exclusively to lower levels of government that the central government cannot take away.
c. provisions that hold government officials accountable and explicitly state that they are not above the law.
d. powers that both the central government and lower level governments each have.
e. limits on the power of government to take away specified rights of citizens.
B
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