Which of the following statements best describes cultural differences in the fundamental attribution error?
a. Members of collectivist cultures rarely make dispositional attributions.
b. Members of Western cultures rarely make dispositional attributions.
c. Members of collectivist cultures are more likely to go beyond dispositional explanations, considering information about the situation as well.
d. Members of Western cultures are more likely to go beyond dispositional explanations, considering information about the situation as well.
Answer: C
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Which scenario is the best example of self-handicapping?
a. Roy is a cigarette smoker. He does not like to hear about the health risks of smoking. He therefore ignores such information, or dismisses it as invalid, and continues to smoke. b. Neither Yuki nor her friends ever study very much for school. Since Yuki does not know anyone who studies very hard, she assumes that in fact no one ever studies hard. As a consequence, she continues to have terrible study habits. c. Jacques has a big wrestling match coming up, but he fears that he will lose. The week before the match, he claims that he is "really busy with other studies," and does not practice at all. Even though he may not realize he is doing this, he is setting himself up so that he will have an "excuse" in case he loses the match. d. Sometimes, when Olivia has a long day, she yells at her children when she gets home. She usually feels very bad about this right after doing it. But then she realizes that she can "justify" her behavior ("I am the parent here," she thinks, "and I have the right to discipline my children.") In other words, she is able to rationalize, or excuse, a not-so-good behavior.
Human development research plays a role in establishing laws and regulations. Which laws or regulations are is an example of this?
a. Traffic violation laws b. The Americans with Disabilities Act c. The Fair Housing Act d. The Social Security Act
Which of the following is true of Maslow's theory?
A) It suggests that individuals can simultaneously strive to achieve physiological and self-actualization needs. B) It states that esteem needs represent the highest level of needs. C) It accounts for individual differences in motivation. D) It suggests that human behavior is not just mechanical and aimed toward survival and the reduction of tension.
A 2008 survey found that typical American teenagers received or made about how many text messages per day?
a. 5 c. 30 b. 10 d. 80