A patient has a 10-year history of diabetes mellitus. The patient is admitted to the critical care unit with complaints of increased lethargy. Serum laboratory values validate the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
The treatment of DKA involves a. extensive hydration. c. large doses of IV insulin.
b. oral hypoglycemic agents. d. limiting food and fluids.
A
Rapid IV fluid replacement requires the use of a volumetric pump. Insulin is administered intravenously to patients who are severely dehydrated or have poor peripheral perfusion to ensure effective absorption. Patients with DKA are kept on NPO (nothing by mouth) status until the hyperglycemia is under control. Critical care nurses are responsible for monitoring the rate of plasma glucose decline in response to insulin.
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