Discuss various methods of compliance for substance abusers under intermediate sanctions. Which method is the most common form used by corrections? Why?
What will be an ideal response?
The detection of offender drug use is accomplished through a number of testing procedures that use a variety of body samples. The most common samples are obtained from the offender’s urine, blood, hair, sweat, or saliva. Urine testing is the most cost-effective, reliable, and widely used drug testing procedure. Nevertheless, it is important that staff understand the drug use demographics of their own region or jurisdiction so that they can determine the most appropriate drug testing strategy to employ. This will vary according to the type of drug use that is most common in the region as well as other considerations. In general, there are five sources from which samples are drawn for drug testing. Urine testing is very common due to price and accuracy of the testing process, urinalysis is considered the most suitable method by drug courts and most criminal justice agencies for detecting the presence of illegal substances. Blood testing can provide discrete information regarding the degree of an individual’s impairment, but the invasiveness of the procedure and the potential danger of infection make blood testing inappropriate for drug court programs. The introduction of new, powerful instruments for hair analysis has increased interest in hair testing. Despite its increased popularity among agencies, caution should be used because hair analysis is subject to potential external contamination. Indeed, there are indications that hair analysis can produce tainted results, depending on the type of hair as well as the type of drug that is analyzed. Sweat testing involves obtaining sweat samples, which are obtained from patches that can be placed on a person for a number of days, have the advantages of a longer time frame for detection and the fact that they are difficult to adulterate. They do not, however, provide a correlation regarding the degree of impairment, and they are subject to individual differences in sweat production. Saliva testing samples permit a correlation with the degree of impairment and can be easily obtained. They are, however, subject to contamination from smoking or other substances.
You might also like to view...
A ________ assumes that all parts of a program are interrelated and could be represented in basic computer language as a series of inputs and outputs
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Under the frankpledge system, membership in a tything was voluntary. 2. Thief takers were privately hired by crime victims. 3. English thief takers were corrupt and engaged in illegal activities themselves. 4. The constables created by the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 were called “coppers.” 5. In America, colonial sheriffs were a proactive police force that patrolled to deter criminal activity.
SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Components of the Get-Tough Era included ______.
A. eliminating plea bargaining B. decreasing prison population C. stiffening sentencing penalties D. making parole harder to achieve
Americans’ fear of crime victimization relates strongly to two distinct factors:
a. Socioeconomic status and level of education b. Income and level of education c. Income and sex d. Socioeconomic status and gender