You are watching a pigeon pecking a key for food reinforcement. The pigeon pecks slowly right after food has been delivered, but gradually increases the rate of pecking as more time elapses. Based on what is known about the pattern of responding produced by various schedules of reinforcement, you should conclude that the reinforcement schedule that is in place for this pigeon is a:
a. fixed-ratio schedule
b. fixed-interval schedule
c. variable-ratio schedule
d. variable-interval schedule
B
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A meta-analysis conducted by Elfenbein and Ambady (2002) found that the emotion that is most accurately perceived by people all over the world based on facial expressions is
a. sadness. b. happiness. c. anger. d. embarrassment.
For an assignment in a Spanish class, your friend is required to read a Spanish-language newspaper. He finds a paper in the library, but is confused when he comes across the words ataque de nervios, so he asks you what the term means
What will you tell him? a) It is a belief that words have special meaning to a person. b) It is a group of symptoms such as crying, shouting, and seizure-like episodes. c) It is a belief that one can hear voices of deceased relatives speaking at the moment. d) It is a syndrome consisting of pain over the entire body that does not respond to drugs.
You are a psychiatrist who specializes in treating schizophrenia. Pierce is experiencing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including withdrawal, apathy, and reduced communication. Which of the following medications are you apt to prescribe to treat Pierce?
A. atypical antipsychotics B. benzodiazepines C. lithium D. monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Current guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders use ________ to make diagnoses.
A. ranges of scores B. thresholds C. subjective systems D. continuum models