What heart sound is produced by vibrations within the heart chambers or in the major arteries from the back-and-forth flow of blood?
a. S1, S2 c. Murmur
b. S3, S4 d. Physiologic splitting
ANS: C
Murmurs are the sounds that are produced in the heart chambers or major arteries from the back-and-forth flow of blood. S1 is the closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves, and S2 is the closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves, and both are considered normal heart sounds. S3 is a normal heart sound sometimes heard in children. S4 is rarely heard as a normal heart sound. If heard, medical evaluation is required. Physiologic splitting is the distinction of the two sounds in S2, which widens on inspiration. It is a significant normal finding.
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