A client complains to the nurse about getting "goose bumps." The client wants to know what causes the "goose bumps." Based on this information, what would be the best information the nurse could give to the client about "goose bumps"?
1 . Stimulated by cold or fear
2 . Voluntary muscles contract
3 . Erect hairs provide an "air cushion" for the skin
4 . Pilomotor reflex
A) 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 2, 4
C) 1, 3, 4
D) 2, 3, 4
C
Feedback:
Stimulated by cold or fear, these involuntary muscles contract, making the hairs stand erect. This phenomenon gives the skin the appearance of "goose flesh" or "goose bumps" caused by the pilomotor reflex. These erect hairs provide an "air cushion" for the skin.
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