What happens when students do not get the reinforcement they think they will get for behaving in a certain way? What happens when they expect to be punished for something but are not?
Describe the effects that the nonoccurrence of expected reinforcement and expected punishment are likely to have on students' later behavior.
The nonoccurrence of expected reinforcement for a behavior is punishing, and the behavior should decrease in frequency. The nonoccurrence of expected punishment for a behavior is reinforcing, and the behavior should increase in frequency.
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A cause of nonorganic failure to thrive is
a. excessive sugar and fat in the diet. b. excessive growth hormone. c. lack of testosterone in males and estrogen in females. d. low-quality parenting.
The Gifts and Occupations were designed by Froebel
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
A four-year-old observes his brother kick the basketball after missing a shot and hears his father cuss after making a mistake. When he plays basketball and misses a shot, he kicks the ball and cusses. This is an example of:
a. direct modeling. b. indirect modeling. c. symbolic modeling. d. synthesized modeling.
Mr. Payne, a middle school teacher of students with learning disabilities, gave his students a reading passage that had a blank space for every fifth word. He asked the students to fill in a word that makes sense using the context of the sentence. Mr. Payne is using an assessment procedure called:
a. cloze procedure. b. content-area inventory c. missing words. d. teacher constructed test.