The psychologist who took the position that organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes and tend not to repeat responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes was
a. Sigmund Freud.
b. B. F. Skinner.
c. Carl Rogers.
d. Abraham Maslow.
B
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Failure to see that an object can be used in ways other than its typical use is called _____.
A. mental set B. functional fixedness C. confirmation bias D. stereotype suppression
Zajonc's model for how the presence of others influences individual performance is known as social facilitation. "Facilitation" refers to the fact that the presence of others facilitates a performer's
a. ability to focus on the task at hand. b. task performance. c. evaluation apprehension. d. dominant response.
Each chapter of the psychology textbook ends with a section filled with practical ideas for relating psychology to one's own life. This last section of each chapter is called
a. Critical Thinking. b. Human Diversity. c. The Clinical File. d. Psychology in Action.
Children who begin to accurately answer questions about the mental states that others may experience, including desires, deceptions, and beliefs, are said to be acquiring an understanding of
a. perspective taking. c. configurational knowledge. b. realism. d. theory of mind.