In a study of the effects of nicotine on concentration, participants who smoke are compared to those who do not on a measure of concentration. Identify the independent variable and dependent variable in this study. Is the independent variable a manipulated variable or a participant variable? What type of research method is used in this study?
What will be an ideal response?
The independent variable is the amount of nicotine (the smoking versus nonsmoking groups) and the dependent variable is concentration level. The independent variable is a participant variable because we are using participants who either chose to smoke or not to smoke. The study utilizes the quasi-experimental method.
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a. the occurrence of one event is independent of the occurrence of the other. b. the occurrence of one event precludes the occurrence of the other. c. both events are equally likely. d. the first event precedes the second event.
The research on mental imagery and ambiguous figures suggests that
a. once again, the analog code is strongly supported. b. people have such limited visual imagery for ambiguous figures that neither the analog code nor the propositional code is supported. c. demand characteristics on this task are so strong that no firm conclusions can be reached. d. some imagery tasks use a propositional code, but others use an analog code.
Mantyla's "banana/yellow, bunches, edible" experiment demonstrates that for best memory performance, retrieval cues should be created
A. by agreement among many people, thus providing proof they are effective. B. by a memory expert who understands what makes cues effective. C. using visual images. D. by the person whose memory will be tested.
After Debbie's car accident, as the doctor asked her if it hurt here or if it hurt when he pressed this hard, Debbie understood why she could tell the differences in amount of pressure the doctor used; her sensory neurons coded the different pressures via ______.
A. different magnitude action potentials B. differences in thresholds for different neurons C. different neurotransmitters D. different rates of firing in neurons