Anaphylatoxins stimulate a localized inflammatory response, which includes mast-cell degranulation, vasodilation, and recruitment of lymphocytes and phagocytic cells. What is the purpose of this localized immune response?
A. Mast cells contain histamine, which triggers vasodilation, which will increase blood flow to an infected area so that higher numbers of white blood cells will be recruited.
B. Serum proteins contain specific and nonspecific immune effector molecules to bind up and neutralize the invading pathogen and any toxins.
C. Vasodilation locally increases the temperate of an infected area so that bacterial proteins become denatured.
D. Vasodilation increases tenderness at the site of infection and causes edema (swelling) to that the host is careful not to overuse or tax the infected area.
E. All of the above.
E
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