What evidence is used to determine the branching sequence of an evolutionary tree?
A) experiments in artificial selection
B) anatomical or molecular homologous structures
C) the number of genes present in an organism
D) an overall assessment of general similarities between organisms
Answer: B
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The biological species concept of Ernst Mayr cannot be applied to
A. sympatric organisms. B. allopatric organisms. C. eukaryotic organisms. D. prokaryotic organisms. E. asexually-reproducing organisms.
What does the hydrolysis of a purine base from the deoxyribose-phosphate backbone leave behind?
A) an apurinic site B) a modified base C) a double-strand break D) a mutation E) a deletion
The same gene that causes various coat patterns in wild and domesticated cats also causes the cross -eyed condition in these cats, the cross-eyed condition being slightly maladaptive. In a hypothetical environment, the coat pattern that is associated with crossed eyes is highly adaptive, with the result that both the coat pattern and the cross-eyed condition increase in a feline population over time. Which statement is supported by these observations?
A) Evolution is progressive and tends toward a more perfect population. B) Phenotype is often the result of compromise. C) Natural selection reduces the frequency of maladaptive genes in populations over the course of time. D) Polygenic inheritance is generally maladaptive, and should become less common in future generations. E) In all environments, coat pattern is a more important survival factor than is eye-muscle tone.
Some cyanobacteria are not blue-green, rather they are red or brown; this is due to the presence of the photosynthetic pigment ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).