__________ sanctions are abstract and stem from impersonal sources
a. Formal
b. Informal
c. Collective
d. Derived
a
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Immediately following World War II, which crimes did the Cosa Nostra resort to, in order to accumulate the capital necessary to be a player in the heroin and cocaine marketplaces?
A) ?extortion and smuggling B) ?murder hits and money laundering C) ?robbery and kidnapping D) ?prostitution and gambling
A researcher wants to examine the relationship between campaign donations and voting practices in Australia. This is an example of which type of analysis?
A. crime mapping B. transnational research C. analytic comparative research D. quasi-experiment
Opinion that is rationally based on the witness’s perception, a. is helpful to the understanding of the jury, and, b. is not based on scientific, technical, or other specialized knowledge, is:
a. Expert opinion b. Not admissible c. Lay opinion d. None of the above
CASE 9.2 The criminal courts confront a double bind with regard to victims. On the one hand, victims are valued for the cases they bring to the system; their misfortunes become the raw material of the court process. On the other hand, individual victims represent a potential source of irrationality in the process. The personal and often emotional involvement of victims in the crime experience can generate particular demands for case outcomes that have little to do with the public interest. Members of the courtroom work group may perceive that the victim's demands for public justice actually mask a desire for:
A. private vengeance. B. private regret. C. public vengeance. D. public vindication.