The common factor in all special needs beyond law enforcement searches is that they:

a. Involve highly regulated businesses or industry
b. Are not initiated by the police
c. Are based on good faith behavior by the police
d. Are based on probable cause


Answer: b. Are not initiated by the police

Criminal Justice

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In a tactical situation involving a hostage, a "ruse" should always be attempted first

a. True b. False

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According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 2015, 1 out of every ______ adult Americans was on probation.

a. 29 b. 61 c. 92 d. 138

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House arrest with electronic monitoring is more expensive than housing an offender in jail

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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______ assumes that criminal behavior increases because certain individuals are caught and branded as offenders.

a. Consensus theory b. Conflict theory c. Labeling theory d. Left realism theory

Criminal Justice