In the context of Seligman's study of learned helplessness in dogs, which of the following statements is true?
a. The first part of the experiment was based on a Freudian conditioning situation.
b. In the second part, the dogs displayed the required operant behavior by jumping over the low barrier in the box.
c. The learned reaction of the dogs in the first part generalized to the second part, even though a means of escape was available.
d. The dogs were being conditioned to associate a high-pitched sound with the smell of food.
ANS: C
FEEDBACK: Seligman suggested that perhaps during the first part of the experiment the dogs had learned that they were helpless to change their situation. When the tone sounded, there was nothing they could do to avoid the paired shock. This learned reaction apparently generalized to the second part of the experiment, even though a means of escape was available.
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Response is to stimulus as:
A) an e-mail notification is to checking your messages. B) being startled is to a loud noise. C) a red light is to hitting the brakes. D) a funny story is to a smile.
In his research on Internet use, Amichai-Hamburger has found that:
a. neurotic men use the Internet primarily for blogging b. neurotic women use the Internet primarily for playing video games. c. conscientious men never use the Internet d. neurotic women, but not neurotic men, use the Internet for blogging.
According to Carl Rogers, the problem facing all humans is that we too often receive unconditional positive regard, so we never learn to take responsibility for our actions
a. true b. false