Your math class is studying probability by flipping a coin and seeing how many times in a row you can call the flip correctly. Your instructor breaks the class of 32 students into teams of two persons each. One member of each team flips a coin while the other calls heads or tails. If a flip is called correctly, the caller wins; otherwise the flipper wins. You can form new teams whenever you like,
and each person keeps track of his or her individual wins.
Your instructor offers a wager. Any student who can win five flips in a row will receive an A on the next quiz. But if they fail even once, they receive an F. There are no takers. So
another wager is offered. An A will go to the student who can devise a method that guarantees someone in the class will win five flips in a row.
Run the contest as a tournament. Divide the class of 32 into 16 teams of
two persons each. After the first flip there are 16 winners and l6 losers. The losers sit down and the winners survive to flip another time. The winners form new teams and flip again. This process is repeated until a single champion emerges who has won five times in a row.
The table below shows how it goes:
The procedure can not predict who this person will be, but it guarantees that one person will emerge the champion.
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