The nurse educator knows that teaching about reproduction has been effective when a student states, "Once the ovum has entered the fallopian tube, movement of the ovum through the fallopian tube and toward the uterus is facilitated by:
1. "Estrogen-induced tubal peristalsis."
2. "Progesterone-induced cervical mucus changes."
3. "Motions of the sphincters at the fallopian tubes.".
4. "Movements of the corona radiata of the ovum."
1
Rationale 1: Estrogen-induced tubal peristalsis is a part of a well-functioning tubal transport system and involves active fimbriae close to the ovary, peristalsis of the tube created by the muscular layer, ciliated currents beating toward the uterus, and the proximal contraction and distal relaxation of the tube caused by different types of prostaglandins.
Rationale 2: Progesterone-induced cervical changes can aid in ovum transport, but are not the primary mover.
Rationale 3: The sphincters at the fallopian tubes prevent menstrual blood from flowing backward into the fallopian tubes from the uterus; they do not facilitate the movement of the ovum through the fallopian tube.
Rationale 4: Movements of the corona radiata of the ovum surround the zona pellucida, and since the ovum has no inherent power of movement, it does not facilitate movement through the fallopian tube.
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