Describe both child-centered and academic preschool and kindergarten programs.Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?
What will be an ideal response?
Preschool and kindergarten programs range along a continuum from child-centered to teacher-directed. In child-centered programs, teachers provide a variety of activities from which children select, and much learning takes place through play. In contrast, in academic programs, teachers structure children’s learning, teaching letters, numbers, colors, shapes, and other academic skills through formal lessons, often using repetition and drill.
Despite evidence that extensive academic training undermines young children’s motivation and emotional well-being, early childhood teachers have felt increased pressure to take this approach. Young children who spend much time in large-group, teacher-directed academic instruction—as opposed to being actively engaged in learning centers—display more stress behaviors (such as wiggling and rocking), have less confidence in their abilities, prefer less challenging tasks, and are less advanced in motor, academic, language, and social skills at the end of the school year. Follow-ups reveal lasting effects through elementary school in poorer study habits and achievement. These outcomes are strongest for low-SES children.
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Which of the following is true related to the effects of rape and talking to others? a. Younger victims are more likely to tell someone than older victims
b. Nearly all victims of rape tell someone about it within the first year following the attack. c. Women typically report that feelings of depression and anxiety subside within 6 months after an assault. d. Women who were raped by acquaintances experience more anxiety, fear, and depression than women who were raped by strangers.
Information from short-term memory is lost within 20-30 seconds if not rehearsed
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following is a characteristic of a child born with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder?
A) The child may be born larger than other infants of comparable maturity and may continue to be larger than its age peers throughout life. B) The child may have a very high physical activity level or may even be hyperactive. C) The child may be mentally retarded. D) The child may have a large, broad nose.
Acquaintance rapes are frequently not reported, but when they are, they are often treated as
A) violent assaults. B) the woman's fault. C) a consequence of too much alcohol. D) misunderstandings or lovers' quarrels.