Ecologist James H. Brown of the University of New Mexico has addressed species composition and
richness in experiments conducted since 1977 in the Chihuahuan desert of southeastern Arizona. In
one experiment, the removal of three dominant species, all kangaroo rats, from several plots resulted in
an increased diversity of other rodent species. This increase was ascribed both to lowered competition
for food and also to an altered habitat, because the abundance of grass species __________ after the
removal of the kangaroo rats.
a. increased
b. decreased
c. did not change
d. was threatened
e. shrunk
A
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One currently accepted theory suggests that the bodies in the Oort cloud formed
a. near the present orbits of the terrestrial planets and were then ejected by them. b. near the present orbits of the Jovian planets and were then ejected by them. c. right there in the Oort cloud very far from the Sun.
Pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
a. can’t recognize any viral agents. b. include over 1,000 different nonself cues. c. are strictly fungi. d. have bacterial DNA associated with them. e. fit all of these descriptions.
All of the following are part of the mechanism of action of alpha and beta interferons EXCEPT
A) they bind to the surface of uninfected cells. B) they are effective for long periods. C) they initiate manufacture of antiviral proteins. D) they disrupt stages of viral multiplication. E) they initiate transcription.
During short duration incidents, which type of nourishment is ideal for fire fighters to sustain peak performance levels?
a. caffeinated soda b. low sugar, high protein sports bars c. equal portions of protein, carbohydrate, and fat d. plan water only