Compare and contrast the two concepts—flashbulb memories and encoding specificity
What will be an ideal response?
The results of various experiments on retrieval suggest that how items are encoded has a strong effect both on how, and on how well, items are retrieved. This relationship is called encoding specificity—what is recalled depends on what is encoded.
A flashbulb memory is a memory of an event so powerful that the person remembers the event as vividly as if it were indelibly preserved on film. Some investigators suggest that flashbulb memories may be more vividly recalled because of their emotional intensity. Other investigators, however, suggest that the vividness of recall may be the result of the effects of rehearsal. The idea is that we frequently retell, or at least silently contemplate, our experiences of these momentous events.
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Because education is not specifically addressed in ______________, educational policy was the sole
responsibility of states and local governments up until the 1950’s.
a. state constitutions b. the U.S. Constitution c. the Supreme Court d. Federal District Courts
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
The trait approach focuses primarily on the leader, not on the followers or the situation.
The type of time-out where the student is required to observe the other students behaving appropriately is referred to as
a. contingent observation time-out b. exclusion time-out c. seclusion time-out d. inclusion time-out
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for evaluating action research?
a) Multiple data collection methods were used. b) The researcher stated several directional research hypotheses. c) There is evidence of external monitoring or objective feedback. d) The motivation of the researcher is clear.