Tolman's experiments with rats and mazes strongly suggested that:
A) stimulus–response theories of learning were essentially correct.
B) there is no functional difference between reinforcement and punishment.
C) spatial learning is the primary form of learning in rats.
D) there is a cognitive component to operant learning.
D) there is a cognitive component to operant learning.
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Researchers used infrared cameras to find out exactly where and for how long infants scanned and fixated their eyes on drawings of human faces. They found a transition in which 1-month-olds __________.
A. scanned from left to right and 2-month-olds from right to left B. fixated on the interior of faces and 2-month-olds on the outer contours C. fixated on the outer contours of faces and 2-month-olds on the eyes and mouth D. looked directly at the eyes and 2-month-olds at the mouth
A superordinate concept is to a subordinate concept as __________ is to __________
a. a dog; animals b. a dog; a beagle c. golden retriever; beagle d. animals; a beagle e. a golden retriever; a hound
Dennis believes that women are worse drivers than men. He always notices examples of poor women drivers, but ignores evidence to the contrary, such as poor male drivers or good female drivers. Dennis' behavior is an example of:
a. the principle of falsifiability. b. critical thinking. c. the confirmation bias. d. skepticism.
Her teachers and peers consider Lily aggressive. While walking down the hall at school, she is accidentally bumped by another child. She assumes that the other girl bumped her on purpose and meant to provoke a fight. According to Dodge and Pettit, the primary issue is with Lily's:
A. search for response options. B. action. C. response selection. D. perception of provocation.