In which instance is the performance of nonemergency medical treatment for a minor permissible without parental consent?
1. The state has a family consent doctrine and a twin brother signs the form.
2. The state has a family consent doctrine and an adult sister signs the form.
3. The proposed treatment has only a minor risk of complication.
4. The state has no family consent doctrine and the patients are out of state.
2
Rationale: By definition of the family consent doctrine, the qualified people who can provide consent for a minor include a grandparent, adult brother or sister (not the same-age twin), or adult aunt or uncle. The risk of complications is irrelevant to the tenets of this doctrine.
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