Which change in the sample selection procedure of a study involving continuous handrail support, oxygen uptake,
and heart rate in women during submaximal step treadmill exercise would have the greatest impact on increasing the generalizability of the results?
a. Increasing the sample size
b. Including subjects who smoke in the study
c. Having a true control group rather than having subjects serve as their own controls
d. Expanding the sample population to include equal numbers of women who were moderately fit and highly fit
ANS: D
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A Increasing sample size does not necessarily increase the generalizability of results.
B Smoking may or may not alter women's fitness level and does not necessarily affect generalizability.
C Having a control group does not increase generalizability like increasing heterogeneity of the sample.
D Including various types of women according to fitness level would increase the generalizability of the results.
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