Adolescents often engage in risky behaviors. Explain models by Elkind and then by Reyna to explain these behaviors. Be clear about how they are similar and/or different.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Elkind argued adolescents have a personal fable, believing that in their uniqueness, death or other consequences will not happen to them. This belief may cause adolescents to take more risks because those bad outcomes only happen to others. This work has been criticized. Reyna and colleagues argue for a dual-process decision model that can operate in similar ways for adults and adolescents. Perhaps risky decisions are made because of naive optimism, greater spontaneity, impulsiveness, and reactivity in decision making. This dual-process model argues for an analytical system that develops extensively in adolescence and is effortful and a more automatic decision-making process called the experiential system. As adolescents amass more experiences and become more capable of analytical thinking, their decision making improves.
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