What is a secondary reinforcer?
a. A weaker than average reinforcer
b. Something that became reinforcing by association with something else
c. Something that reinforces behaviors that are made unconsciously
d. A reinforcer that occurs long after the primary reinforcer
b
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When Peterson and Peterson demonstrated the decay of short-term memory over a delay, why did they ask people to count backward by threes during the delay?
a. To develop procedural memory b. To increase chunking c. To increase depth of processing d. To prevent rehearsal
Sandi believes that people who eat at McDonald's are overweight, so she decides to do a naturalistic observation of people who eat at McDonald's. What should most concern us about Sandi's observations?
a) the observer effect b) the bystander effect c) observer bias d) subject bias
The occurrence of daytime sleep attacks is a symptom of
a. sleep paralysis. b. narcolepsy. c. insomnia. d. daytime sleepiness. e. sleep apnea.
People often pay more attention to other people and less to the environment when making attributions, especially under stress, causing them to rely on a(n):
A. situational attribution. B. impression formation. C. self-serving bias. D. trait attribution.