The nurse who is reading a research report has concerns about the ethical aspects of the study. Which information should reassure the nurse that the study was undertaken in an ethical manner?
1. The report states that the principle investigator of the study is a nationally renowned physician.
2. The company that manufactures the medical device used in the research funded the study.
3. The study design reveals that no physical harm to participants was possible.
4. The study was reviewed and approved by an Institutional Review Board.
4
Rationale 1: Whereas most researchers are honest and ethical, just having a well-known principle investigator does not assure the study was conducted ethically.
Rationale 2: Having a potential conflict of interest such as funding from the company who stands to gain financially from research findings may compromise the study's design, ethics, and findings.
Rationale 3: The ethics of research are in place to protect from any harm, not just physical harm.
Rationale 4: The purpose of the Institutional Review Board is to review study proposals to assure that they meet federal government guidelines.
Global Rationale:
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A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood values: pH 7.12, PaO2 56 mm Hg, PaCO2 65 mm Hg, and HCO3- 22 mEq/L. Which clinical situation should the nurse correlate with these values?
a. Diabetic ketoacidosis in a person with emphysema b. Bronchial obstruction related to aspiration of a hot dog c. Anxiety-induced hyperventilation in an adolescent d. Diarrhea for 36 hours in an older, frail woman
What should be the focus of a practice where the pediatric nurse uses a developmental approach?
a. Stimulation of the child to reach expected norms b. Age-centered care plans c. Strengths and abilities of the child d. Characteristics for the particular age
The nurse realizes that a client diagnosed with kidney disease is at risk for acid-base imbalances. Which of the following explains how the kidney contributes to acid-base balance? (Select all that apply.)
1. Secretes hydrogen ions 2. Reabsorbs bicarbonate 3. Generates new bicarbonate 4. Produces erythropoietin 5. Converts vitamin D 6. Excretes waste products from protein metabolism
The nurse monitors a client on a newly prescribed antihypertensive drug. The nurse recognizes the symptom of hypotension would be indicative of which reaction?
1. An allergic response to the drug 2. A therapeutic drug effect 3. An adverse drug effect 4. An idiosyncratic drug reaction