Describe the categories used to summarize crash data. Give an example of how each category would be used to evaluate a given location.
What will be an ideal response?
The categories used to summarize crash data at a site are (1) type of crash,
(2) severity of crash, (3) contributing circumstances, (4) environmental
conditions, (5) time period of crashes. The type of crash would be used to
determine patterns at a given site. A high number of left turn crashes, for
example, might indicate a sight distance problem. The severity of crashes is
commonly used to compare crashes at different locations by assigning a weighted
scale to each crash based on the severity of the crash. Contributing circumstances
include human factors, environmental factors, or vehicle-related factors.
The assignment of environmental conditions (e.g. daylight, dark, snow,
ice, rain) facilitates the identification of possible causes of crashes and safety
deficiencies that may exist at a particular location. Summarizing crashes by time
periods allows for the identification of periods with rates significantly higher than
other periods.
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