Two of the philosophies discussed have been somewhat distorted in popular practice. Dewey's progressivism was sometimes altered in ways that reduced its real value. Romanticism, on the other hand, was trimmed of some of its ideas regarding isolation from society and made into a greater force for personal growth. Briefly explain the important elements of Dewey's educational philosophy, and note
some of the abuses eventually perpetrated in its name. Also explain the educational effects of the romantic emphasis on self-determination and self-definition.
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Suggested answer: Dewey said that school should be instructive participation in life, not preparation for life, and that school should be a microcosm of democratic society, in which students learn the skills of citizenship. Dewey's curriculum was built around the activities and occupations of adult life. Corruptions of Dewey's philosophy hold that content is virtually unimportant, that only process counts. To the romantics, in the absence of preexisting relationships with the world, people are independent. Ultimately, educators seized on the romantic focus on self-determination and self-definition. Activities deriving from the human potential movement, such as self-determination and individualized learning, are examples of methods that build on this notion.
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